Technologies

Telecom Generation from Telegraph, Telephone then 0G, 1G – 5G & in Future 6G to 7G

Telecom-Generation

History of Communication

Perhaps the earliest use of the word for a communications system was the telephon created by Gottfried Huth in 1796 in which the operators in the signaling towers would shout to each other by means of what he called “speaking tubes“. A communication device for sailing vessels called a “telephone” was invented by the captain John Taylor in 1844. This instrument used four air horns to communicate with vessels in foggy weather.

The telegraph revolutionized long-distance communication. It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laid between stations. It was developed in the 1840s by Samuel Morse.
Alexander Graham Bell was the first to be awarded a patent for the electric telephone by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in March 1876. Before Bell’s patent, the telephone transmitted sound in a way that was similar to the telegraph.

Telecommunication, It is communication at a distance through electrical signals or electromagnetic waves. It includes mechanical and electrical communication.

Network technology is the use of connected systems either via optic cable, satellite, wireless connections to relay various data, communication and resources in different parts of the world. it uses a build infrastructure to relay information either through communication, internet networking, voice calls, etc

1876 when Alexander Graham Bell made the first successful transmission of speech in the form of electromagnetic waves using a custom built transmitter and receiver. This is often regarded as the first practical phone call made in the history of the telephone. Right from that point of time, the concept of communication using a telephone has evolved.

Summary Brief

New mobile generations have appeared about every ten years since the first move from 1981 analog (1G) to digital (2G) transmission in 1992. This was followed, in 2001, by 3G multi-media support, spread spectrum transmission and, at least, 200 kbit/s peak bit rate, in 2011/2012 to be followed by “real” 4G, which refers to all-Internet Protocol (IP) packet-switched networks giving mobile ultra-broadband (gigabit speed) access. 5G about to stars in 2020 and futures generation expected time 6G in 2030 and 7G in 2040.

0G

0G – Mobile radio telephone (also known as “0G”). 0G refers to pre-cellphone mobile telephony. Being the predecessors of the first generation of cellular telephones, these systems are called 0G (zero generation) systems. Mobile telephones systems were always usually vehicle mounted in the vehicle boot/trunk. The transceiver (transmitter receiver) was mounted in the vehicle boot and usually placed to the head section, (dial, display, and handset) usually fixed close to the driver’s seat.

Long before mobile telephony was born, various technologies that it would employ were already in use. Push-to-talk (PTT) systems were being used by police and fire personnel. These called Mobile Radio Telephone systems, Powerful radio towers streamed news and entertainment across vast distances. AT&T offered a Mobile Telephone Service (MTS) as far back as 1949, and later introduced its Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS) in 1965. Some people have given the name 0G to these mobile network predecessors. It operate on 160 MHz VHF band. Speed or signaling rate was 19 kbps. Year 1930 to 1965

1G

The birth of 1G was a little more obvious. Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) in Japan rolled out the first generation (1G) of mobile telephony in 1979. Systems from other carriers were quickly to follow. There was an implementation of 1G by Nordic Mobile Telephone in 1981, standards such as Advance Mobile Phone System (AMPS) by Bell Labs in 1982 and C450 in Germany were propagated worldwide. Speed was utp 2.4 kbps. It allows voice calls in single country. It was Analogy signal.

2G

Second-generation (2G) was started in Finland in 1991. It was based on the GSM standard, and included the introduction of text messaging known as short message service (SMS), as well as other services. Later develops of 2g included general packet radio service (GPRS) and Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). It allows the clear and fast transmission of data and information. This technology was digital signals. Its speed was upto 64 kbps.

3G

3G technologies enable network operators to offer users a wider range of more advanced services while achieving greater network capacity through improved spectral efficiency. Services include wide area wireless voice telephony, video calls, and broadband wireless data, mobile television, GPS (global positioning system) and video conferencing. all in a mobile environment. Global frequency band in the 2000 MHZ range, which supports a single, ubiquitous wireless communication standard for all countries throughout the world. 3G evolution for CDMA systems lead to CDMA 2000.

The internet boom of the late 1990s created a demand for users to go online with their mobile phones. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was formed in 1998 to develop protocols and standards for 3G. It was a group effort by organizations from around the world. The result was the introduction of robust technologies, such as Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) and High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) that made web access at high speeds and capacities possible. Frequency 1.6 to 2.5 GHz, Speed 144kbps to 5.8Mbps. Generation of smart phones. Broadband, Mobile TV Resolution Low, data download and upload speed 5-8 Mbps

4G

4G, known as Long-term Evolution (LTE), was a whole restructuring of mobile telephony. It was a new way of doing mobile. In fact, they gave the name Systems Architecture Evolution (SAE) to its core network. The first-release Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard was commercially deployed in Oslo, Norway, and Stockholm, Sweden in 2009, and has since been deployed throughout most parts of the world. It has, however, been debated whether first-release versions should be considered 4G LTE. LTE took wireless telephony to a whole new level of sophistication.

Ultra-Broadband, Mobile TV Resolution High, data download and upload speed 14 Mbps, Frequency 2-8 Ghz, Speed 100 Mbps to 1Gbps. That time 4G called it is Magic. (Anytime, Anywhere)-Any kind of service at any time as per user requirements, anywhere.

5G

5G is the 5th generation mobile network. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G networks. 5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices.

5G wireless technology is meant to deliver higher multi-Gbps peak data speeds, ultra low latency, more reliability, massive network capacity, increased availability, and a more uniform user experience to more users. Higher performance and improved efficiency empower new user experiences and connects new industries.

It is highly supportable to wwww (Wireless World Wide Web)
5G is designed to deliver peak data rates up to 20 Gbps based on IMT-2020 requirements. Will designed to achieve up to 7.5 Gbps in downlink peak data rates.

And now 5G is upon us. Verizon has already started to roll out its 5G Home and its 5G Mobile. Other carriers are hot on their heels. Like 4G, 5G promises to be a whole new rethink of wireless. The final publication of standards is slated for next year as part of the IMT-2020 Vision created by the ITU-T and 3GPP. But it won’t be entirely new. 5G will borrow and build upon technologies from previous generations.

6G

6G is mobile system for global coverage will integrate 5G wireless mobile system and satellite network. Possibly speed up to 11 Gbps, while travelling or in a remote location. Will specially designed Nano Antennas will be implemented at different geographical locations. The globe will decorated by fly sensors with the help of 6G technology. These fily sensors will provide information to their remote observer stations.

Others features like Home automation, other related application, smart homes, cities and villages. Space technology, defense applications will be modified with 6G networks. Satellite to satellite communication for the development of mankind. Natural calamities will be controlled with 6G networks and mind to mind communication may be possible
Countries and companies working on this technology (China Telecom, Huawei & ZTE), (South Korea), (Finland), (USA),. (Nearly 2030 will be deployed upon successful test and purpose)

7G

The 7G of mobile wireless networks which aims to acquire space roaming. The 7G system can be supported by global navigation satellite system, the telecommunication satellite system the earth image satellite system and 6G cellular system.

The global navigation satellites systems are determine a use’s position. The telecommunication satellite system can supply voice and multimedia data for user’s communication requirement. The earth image satellite system contains the weather information as extra service for mobile users.
Countries and companies working on this technology (Japan) & other developed countries. (Nearly 2040 will be deployed upon successful test and purpose)

References

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